Introduction to Plastic Pipes in Modern Plumbing

Types of Plastic Pipes

The most common types of plastic pipes are PVC, CPVC, PEX, ABS, and HDPE.

Read about the capabilities and applications of these versatile products below!

JDI Plastics delivers the highest standards in injection molding across many industries. Our services are designed to enhance supply chains with high-quality, reliable injection molding solutions.

Table of Contents

Plastic Pipe Material Comparison

Plastic Pipe Material Comparison

Pipe Type Best For Temperature Tolerance Flexibility Corrosion Resistance Cost
PVC Drainage, cold water supply Up to 140°F Rigid High Low
CPVC Hot water applications Up to 200°F Slightly flexible High Moderate
PEX Indoor hot/cold water supply Up to 200°F Highly flexible High Moderate
ABS Drain, waste, and vent systems Up to 180°F Rigid High Moderate
HDPE Underground and industrial use Varies based on grade Very flexible Very high High

Key Takeaways:

  • PVC, CPVC, PEX, ABS, and HDPE pipes are the most commonly used plastic pipes in plumbing.
  • Each type has specific applications based on temperature tolerance, flexibility, and chemical resistance.
  • PVC is the most widely used for drainage and cold water supply.
  • PEX is highly flexible and popular for indoor hot and cold water lines.
  • CPVC handles higher temperatures, making it ideal for hot water applications.

Common Types of Plastic Pipes

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipes

PVC pipes are a go-to choice for drainage, irrigation, and cold water supply. They’re tough, corrosion-resistant, and affordable. 

These pipes work well for non-pressurized applications but can’t handle high temperatures. They’re widely used in both residential and commercial plumbing systems.

  • Great for cold water lines and drainage systems.
  • Resistant to corrosion and most chemicals.
  • Lightweight and easy to install with solvent welding.
  • Not suitable for hot water applications due to heat limitations.
  • Available in various thicknesses (schedules) for different pressure ratings.

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) Pipes

CPVC pipes are similar to PVC but with added chlorine in the structure, allowing them to withstand higher temperatures. This makes them ideal for hot water lines and industrial applications requiring chemical resistance.

  • Can handle higher temperatures than PVC, making it suitable for hot water.
  • Resists chlorine and other common chemicals in water supply systems.
  • Used in residential, commercial, and industrial plumbing.
  • More flexible than PVC but slightly more expensive.
  • Installed using solvent cement welding like PVC.

Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipes

PEX pipes are known for their flexibility and ease of installation. They’re commonly used in residential plumbing for both hot and cold water supply. 

Unlike PVC and CPVC, PEX doesn’t require glue—it’s connected with compression fittings or crimp rings.

  • Extremely flexible, reducing the need for elbow fittings.
  • Works well for hot and cold water lines.
  • Highly resistant to scale buildup and corrosion.
  • Can be installed with fewer connections, reducing leak points.
  • Not suitable for outdoor use due to UV sensitivity.

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Pipes

ABS pipes are mainly used for drain, waste, and vent (DWV) systems. They look similar to PVC but are black instead of white. ABS is more impact-resistant than PVC, making it ideal for underground applications.

  • Commonly used in drain, waste, and vent systems.
  • More impact-resistant than PVC, making it suitable for colder climates.
  • Requires fewer connections due to its rigid structure.
  • Can degrade when exposed to direct sunlight for extended periods.
  • Installed using a one-step solvent cement process.

High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pipes

HDPE pipes are known for their toughness and flexibility. They’re commonly used for underground water supply, gas lines, and industrial applications where durability is key.

  • Highly durable and resistant to chemicals, corrosion, and impact.
  • Flexible enough for underground applications, reducing the need for joints.
  • Often used in municipal water systems and industrial piping.
  • Available in long coils, making it efficient for large projects.
  • Can be heat-fused for leak-proof connections. (1)

Applications of Plastic Pipes in Various Industries

Plastic pipes are widely used across different industries due to their durability, ease of installation, and resistance to corrosion. Each industry has unique requirements that make certain plastic pipes better suited for the job.

Residential Plumbing

PVC, CPVC, and PEX dominate the residential plumbing sector. 

PVC works well for drainage and vent systems, while CPVC and PEX are common for water supply lines. Homeowners prefer PEX for its flexibility. These require less fittings and makes installation faster. 

CPVC, on the other hand, is often used for hot water supply due to its higher temperature tolerance.

Commercial Plumbing

Commercial plumbing systems handle higher volumes and often require more durable materials. 

CPVC and HDPE are commonly used for water supply in buildings, while PVC and ABS handle drainage and waste management. 

Large-scale facilities, such as hospitals and hotels, rely on CPVC for hot water distribution due to its ability to withstand constant high temperatures.

Industrial Applications

Industrial applications demand pipes that can handle extreme conditions. HDPE is a top choice due to its flexibility, chemical resistance, and ability to handle high pressure. 

Factories, chemical plants, and wastewater treatment facilities use HDPE to transport aggressive fluids. PEX is also used in certain industrial heating applications due to its high-temperature resistance and flexibility.

Conclusion: Selecting the Right Plastic Pipes for Your Needs

Choosing the right plastic pipe depends on where and how it will be used. PVC and ABS work well for drainage and waste systems, while CPVC and PEX are better for water supply lines. HDPE is the top choice for industrial applications that require chemical resistance and durability. 

JDI Plastics specializes in high-quality plastic injection molding. Our broad range of capabilities and decades of experience help businesses streamline production with durable, reliable plastic components. 

Contact JDI Plastics to discuss your project and find the best plastic solutions for your needs.

 

 

 

Reference:

(1) PPFA, Plastic Pipe 101, https://www.ppfahome.org/blogpost/1851733/345598/Plastic-Pipe-101-CPVC-vs-PVC-vs-PEX